<選填>袋中有藍、綠、黃三種顏色的球共 10 顆。今從袋中隨機抽取兩顆球(每顆球被抽中的機率相等),若抽出的兩顆球皆為藍色的機率為 \(\frac{1}{15}\),皆為綠色的機率為 \(\frac{2}{9}\),則從袋中隨機抽出兩球,此兩球為相異顏色的機率為 ______(化為最簡分數)。
設藍、綠、黃球數分別為 \(a, b, c\),則
\[
a + b + c = 10
\]
1. 兩球皆藍的機率:
\[
\frac{C^a_2}{C^{10}_2} = \frac{a(a-1)/2}{45} = \frac{a(a-1)}{90} = \frac{1}{15}
\]
\[
a(a-1) = 6 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a^2 - a - 6 = 0
\]
\[
(a-3)(a+2) = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a = 3 \quad (\text{取正})
\]
2. 兩球皆綠的機率:
\[
\frac{C^b_2}{45} = \frac{b(b-1)/2}{45} = \frac{b(b-1)}{90} = \frac{2}{9}
\]
\[
b(b-1) = 20 \quad \Rightarrow \quad b^2 - b - 20 = 0
\]
\[
(b-5)(b+4) = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad b = 5
\]
3. 因此
\[
c = 10 - a - b = 10 - 3 - 5 = 2
\]
4. 兩球同色的機率:
\[
P_{\text{同}} = \frac{C^3_2 + C^5_2 + C^2_2}{45}
= \frac{3 + 10 + 1}{45} = \frac{14}{45}
\]
5. 兩球異色的機率:
\[
P_{\text{異}} = 1 - \frac{14}{45} = \frac{31}{45}
\]
**答案:** \(\boxed{\frac{31}{45}}\) 報錯
ChatGPT DeepSeek
https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0m053363176747148935/04-111%e5%ad%b8%e6%b8%ac%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8b%e9%81%b8%e6%93%87%28%e5%a1%ab%29%e9%a1%8c%e7%ad%94%e6%a1%88.pdf

